Disease data

Proliferative Kidney Disease

Reserves
Fish
Protozoan disease; Myxozoa; Tetracapsuloides bryosalmonae

Summary from the online OIE Diagnostic Manual

Proliferative kidney disease (PKD) is one of the most economically important diseases among commercially reared rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) in Europe and causes significant losses among Pacific salmon and rainbow trout populations in western North America. The parasite that causes PKD is a poorly understood myxosporean (PKX), presumed but not yet proven to be a member of the family Sphaerosporidae, genus Sphaerospora. The disease occurs in both cultured and feral populations of salmonids that come into contact with a 20-25 µm waterborne infective stage. The disease is often seasonally dependent occurring at water temperatures above 15 °C in the summer and autumn months of the year. Mortality in uncomplicated cases of PKD is generally 20% or less but often secondary pathogens or unfavourable environmental conditions coincide with peak periods of PKD and mortalities can reach 95-100%. In any surviving fish that have experienced a full clinical episode of the disease, a strong acquired immunity develops.

Countries affected

Country Year Status View Records

Species affected

Species Disease occurence Abstract

Countries affected

Country Year Status View Records
Belgium 1996 Reported positive year View Records
Canada 1996 Reported positive year View Records
France 1996 Reported positive year View Records
United Kingdom 1996 Reported positive year View Records

Species affected

Species Disease occurence Abstract
Esox lucius Natural occurrence Proliferative kidney disease of salmonid fish.
Oncorhynchus kisutch Experimental demonstration Experimental transmission of PKX, the causative agent of proliferative kidney disease, to three species of Pacific salmon.
Oncorhynchus kisutch Natural occurrence Occurrence of proliferative kidney disease (PKD) among Pacific salmon and steelhead trout.
Oncorhynchus mykiss Experimental demonstration Occurrence of proliferative kidney disease in an indoor recirculation unit and indirect experimental contamination of the rainbow trout.
Oncorhynchus mykiss Experimental demonstration Dysregulation of B cell activity during proliferative kidney disease in rainbow trout
Oncorhynchus mykiss Natural occurrence Proliferative kidney disease of salmonid fish.
Oncorhynchus nerka Experimental demonstration Proliferative kidney disease of salmonid fish.
Oncorhynchus spp. Natural occurrence Proliferative kidney disease of salmonid fish.
Oncorhynchus tshawytscha Experimental demonstration Experimental transmission of PKX, the causative agent of proliferative kidney disease, to three species of Pacific salmon.
Oncorhynchus tshawytscha Natural occurrence Occurrence of proliferative kidney disease (PKD) among Pacific salmon and steelhead trout.
Salmo clarki Natural occurrence Proliferative kidney disease of salmonid fish.
Salmo salar Natural occurrence A preliminary report on the epidemiology of proliferative kidney disease in brown trout (Salmo trutta) and Atlantic salmon parr (S. salar) in Scotland.
Salmo trutta Natural occurrence A preliminary report on the epidemiology of proliferative kidney disease in brown trout (Salmo trutta) and Atlantic salmon parr (S. salar) in Scotland.
Salmonids Natural occurrence Proliferative kidney disease of salmonid fish.
Salvelinus alpinus Natural occurrence Proliferative kidney disease of salmonid fish.
Thymallus thymallus Natural occurrence Proliferative kidney disease of salmonid fish.

Countries affected

Country Year Status View Records
Belgium 1996 Reported positive year View Records
Canada 1996 Reported positive year View Records
France 1996 Reported positive year View Records
United Kingdom 1996 Reported positive year View Records

Species affected

Species Disease occurence Abstract
Esox lucius Natural occurrence Proliferative kidney disease of salmonid fish.
Oncorhynchus kisutch Experimental demonstration Experimental transmission of PKX, the causative agent of proliferative kidney disease, to three species of Pacific salmon.
Oncorhynchus kisutch Natural occurrence Occurrence of proliferative kidney disease (PKD) among Pacific salmon and steelhead trout.
Oncorhynchus mykiss Experimental demonstration Occurrence of proliferative kidney disease in an indoor recirculation unit and indirect experimental contamination of the rainbow trout.
Oncorhynchus mykiss Experimental demonstration Dysregulation of B cell activity during proliferative kidney disease in rainbow trout
Oncorhynchus mykiss Natural occurrence Proliferative kidney disease of salmonid fish.
Oncorhynchus nerka Experimental demonstration Proliferative kidney disease of salmonid fish.
Oncorhynchus spp. Natural occurrence Proliferative kidney disease of salmonid fish.
Oncorhynchus tshawytscha Experimental demonstration Experimental transmission of PKX, the causative agent of proliferative kidney disease, to three species of Pacific salmon.
Oncorhynchus tshawytscha Natural occurrence Occurrence of proliferative kidney disease (PKD) among Pacific salmon and steelhead trout.
Salmo clarki Natural occurrence Proliferative kidney disease of salmonid fish.
Salmo salar Natural occurrence A preliminary report on the epidemiology of proliferative kidney disease in brown trout (Salmo trutta) and Atlantic salmon parr (S. salar) in Scotland.
Salmo trutta Natural occurrence A preliminary report on the epidemiology of proliferative kidney disease in brown trout (Salmo trutta) and Atlantic salmon parr (S. salar) in Scotland.
Salmonids Natural occurrence Proliferative kidney disease of salmonid fish.
Salvelinus alpinus Natural occurrence Proliferative kidney disease of salmonid fish.
Thymallus thymallus Natural occurrence Proliferative kidney disease of salmonid fish.