Lead contamination: scoping study of human blood lead levels

Project description and benefits

This project formed a component of the larger ‘Copperbelt Environment Project’ and was undertaken in association with Water Management Consultants Ltd.

Lead is a naturally occurring heavy metal but its presence in the human environment arises from certain anthropogenic activities. The concentration of lead in blood is considered the most reliable biomarker of recent lead exposure. This sampling programme was undertaken in Kabwe, an area adjacent to a former lead and zinc mine, and generated data aimed at formulating remedial activities regarding possible lead contamination in the local population..

Services provided by Cefas

The principal role of the sampling programme was to collect a reliable set of blood lead data and the associated socio-economic information required to improve the understanding of the impacts of possible lead contamination in the area. Blood lead levels were determined using the approved LeadCare kit technology. A structured field survey involving a questionnaire dealing with socio-economic variables, such as work history and housing conditions, accompanied the blood sampling activities. Blood lead distributions for different geographic localities were examined and linked to the distribution of social parameters. It is intended to use this work to develop a plan for reducing lead exposure. Likely measures will involve an education programme to raise awareness in the community of sources of exposure to lead.