Disease data

Infection with Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis

OIE listed diseases
Amphibians
Fungal disease; Chytridiomycota; Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis

Summary from the online OIE Diagnostic Manual

To see details of the disease from the online OIE Diagnostic Manual, please click here

Countries affected

Country Year Status View Records

Species affected

Species Disease occurence Abstract

Countries affected

Country Year Status View Records
Africa 2007 Disease exists; distribution and occurrence unknown View Records
Americas 2007 Disease exists; distribution and occurrence unknown View Records
Argentina 2010 Reported present or known to be present View Records
Australia 2013 Reported present or known to be present View Records
Belgium 2012 Reported present or known to be present View Records
Bolivia 2023 Reported in country for the first time View Records
Brazil 2022 Reported present or known to be present View Records
Cambodia 2012 Reported present or known to be present View Records
Cameroon 2016 Reported present or known to be present View Records
Canada 2014 Reported present or known to be present View Records
Central African Republic 2018 Reported present or known to be present View Records
Chile 2018 Reported present or known to be present View Records
China (Peoples Rep. of) 2010 First detection in region View Records
Colombia 2010 Occurrence limited to certain zones View Records
Costa Rica 2016 Reported present or known to be present View Records
Cuba 2007 Reported in country for the first time View Records
Ecuador 2021 Reported present or known to be present View Records
Europe 2007 Disease exists; distribution and occurrence unknown View Records
France 2012 Reported present or known to be present View Records
Greece 2022 Reported in country for the first time View Records
Guatemala 2013 Suspected but not confirmed View Records
Guinea 2023 Reported present or known to be present View Records
Honduras 2006 Reported present or known to be present View Records
Hong Kong 2014 Reported present or known to be present View Records
Italy 2008 Reported present or known to be present View Records
Japan 2016 Reported present or known to be present View Records
Korea, Republic of 2013 Suspected but not confirmed View Records
Mexico 2008 Reported present or known to be present View Records
Morocco 2013 Suspected but not confirmed View Records
Netherlands 2017 Reported present or known to be present View Records
New Zealand 2013 Occurrence limited to certain zones View Records
Panama 2016 Reported present or known to be present View Records
Peru 2016 Reported present or known to be present View Records
Poland 2021 Reported present or known to be present View Records
Portugal 2017 Reported present or known to be present View Records
Puerto Rico 2008 Reported present or known to be present View Records
Russian Federation 2014 Reported present in specific zones View Records
Serbia 2017 Reported present or known to be present View Records
Singapore 2013 Suspected but not confirmed View Records
South Africa 2010 Suspected but not confirmed View Records
Spain 2023 Reported present or known to be present View Records
Sweden 2010 Serological evidence and/or isolation of causative agent, no clinical disease View Records
Switzerland 2012 Suspected but not confirmed View Records
Tanzania 2012 Pathogen detected, no clinical disease. View Records
Thailand 2017 Reported present or known to be present View Records
Trinidad and Tobago 2008 Reported present or known to be present View Records
Uganda 2007 Reported present or known to be present View Records
United Kingdom 2012 Pathogen detected, no clinical disease. View Records
United States of America 2021 Reported present or known to be present View Records
Uruguay 2018 Reported present or known to be present View Records
Venezuela 2008 First detection in region View Records

Species affected

Species Disease occurence Abstract
Bufo spp. Experimental demonstration Host-pathogen relationships between the chytrid fungus Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis and tadpoles of five South American anuran species
Bufo spp. Experimental demonstration Fight Fungi with Fungi: Antifungal Properties of the *Amphibian* Mycobiome
Bufo spp. Unknown Climate forcing of an emerging pathogenic fungus across a montane multi-host community
Bufo spp. Unknown Impact of asynchronous emergence of two lethal pathogens on amphibian assemblages
Cryptobranchus alleganiensis alleganiensis Natural occurrence Prevalence of infection by Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis and ranavirus in Eastern hellbenders (Cryptobranchus alleganiensis alleganiensis) in Eastern Tennessee.
Cryptobranchus alleganiensis alleganiensis Natural occurrence GEOGRAPHIC AND INDIVIDUAL DETERMINANTS OF IMPORTANT AMPHIBIAN PATHOGENS IN HELLBENDERS (CRYPTOBRANCHUS ALLEGANIENSIS) IN TENNESSEE AND ARKANSAS, USA
Lissotriton helveticus Natural occurrence Triple dermocystid-chytrid fungus-ranavirus co-infection in a Lissotriton helveticus
Litoria caerulea Natural occurrence Distribution of Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis and pathology in the skin of green tree frogs Litoria caerulea with severe chytridiomycosis.
Osteopilus septentrionalis Natural occurrence WIDESPREAD RANAVIRUS AND PERKINSEA INFECTIONS IN CUBAN TREEFROGS (OSTEOPILUS SEPTENTRIONALIS) INVADING NEW ORLEANS, USA
Rana catesbeiana Experimental demonstration Mortality of American bullfrog tadpoles Lithobates catesbeianus infected by Gyrodactylus jennyae and experimentally exposed to Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis.
Rana catesbeiana Unknown The emerging amphibian pathogen Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis globally infects introduced populations of the North American bullfrog, Rana catesbeiana.
Rana mucosa Unknown The precarious persistence of the Endangered Sierra Madre yellow-legged frog Rana muscosa in southern California, USA.
Rana spp. Experimental demonstration Host-pathogen relationships between the chytrid fungus Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis and tadpoles of five South American anuran species
Rana spp. Experimental demonstration Fight Fungi with Fungi: Antifungal Properties of the *Amphibian* Mycobiome
Rana spp. Experimental demonstration Independent origin of chytrid fungus in China
Rana spp. Natural occurrence Dramatic declines of Montane frogs in a central African biodiversity hotspot
Rana spp. Natural occurrence Emerging Chytrid Fungal Pathogen, Batrachochytrium Dendrobatidis, in Zoo Amphibians in Thailand
Rana spp. Natural occurrence Pathogen Dynamics in an Invasive Frog Compared to Native Species
Rana spp. Natural occurrence Survey of Ranavirus and Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis in Introduced Frogs in Hawaii, USA
Rana spp. Natural occurrence State-wide survey of amphibian pathogens in green frog (lithobates clamitans melanota) reveals high chytrid infection intensities in constructed wetlands
Rana spp. Natural occurrence Three Pathogens Impact Terrestrial Frogs from a High-Elevation Tropical Hotspot
Rana spp. Natural occurrence Three Pathogens Impact Terrestrial Frogs from a High-Elevation Tropical Hotspot
Rana spp. Natural occurrence One hundred years of infection with three global pathogens in frog populations of Florida, USA
Rana spp. Natural occurrence Three Pathogens Impact Terrestrial Frogs from a High-Elevation Tropical Hotspot
Rana spp. Natural occurrence Emerging infectious diseases of amphibians in Poland: distribution and environmental drivers
Rana spp. Natural occurrence Infectious disease threats to amphibians in Greece: new localities positive for Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis
Rana spp. Natural occurrence First report of chytridiomycosis in the Southern Yungas Andean forest: a threat to the endangered La Banderita marsupial frog Gastrotheca gracilis
Rana spp. Natural occurrence Introduced Mediterranean painted frogs (Discoglossus pictus) are possible supershedders of the fungus Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis in Catalonia (NE Spain)
Rana spp. Natural occurrence Continent-wide recent emergence of a global pathogen in African amphibians
Rana spp. Natural occurrence Fungal pathogen infection intensity associated with reproductive mode and elevation in an afrotropical anuran community
Salamander spp. Natural occurrence Prevalence of Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis in a Nicaraguan, micro-endemic Neotropical salamander, Bolitoglossa mombachoensis
Unknown species Unknown Detection of the Amphibian Pathogens Chytrid Fungus (Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis) and Ranavirus in West Texas, USA, Using Environmental DNA
Various Experimental demonstration Interspecific variation in susceptibility of frog tadpoles to the pathogenic fungus Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis.
Various Experimental demonstration Optimizing, validating, and field testing a multiplex qPCR for the detection of amphibian pathogens
Various Natural occurrence Concurrent Infection of Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis and Ranavirus among Native Amphibians from Northeastern Oklahoma, USA
Various Natural occurrence Emerging infectious diseases of amphibians in Poland: distribution and environmental drivers
Various Natural occurrence Chytrid fungus in amphibians from the lowland Brazilian Amazon

Countries affected

Country Year Status View Records
Africa 2007 Disease exists; distribution and occurrence unknown View Records
Americas 2007 Disease exists; distribution and occurrence unknown View Records
Argentina 2010 Reported present or known to be present View Records
Australia 2013 Reported present or known to be present View Records
Belgium 2012 Reported present or known to be present View Records
Bolivia 2023 Reported in country for the first time View Records
Brazil 2022 Reported present or known to be present View Records
Cambodia 2012 Reported present or known to be present View Records
Cameroon 2016 Reported present or known to be present View Records
Canada 2014 Reported present or known to be present View Records
Central African Republic 2018 Reported present or known to be present View Records
Chile 2018 Reported present or known to be present View Records
China (Peoples Rep. of) 2010 First detection in region View Records
Colombia 2010 Occurrence limited to certain zones View Records
Costa Rica 2016 Reported present or known to be present View Records
Cuba 2007 Reported in country for the first time View Records
Ecuador 2021 Reported present or known to be present View Records
Europe 2007 Disease exists; distribution and occurrence unknown View Records
France 2012 Reported present or known to be present View Records
Greece 2022 Reported in country for the first time View Records
Guatemala 2013 Suspected but not confirmed View Records
Guinea 2023 Reported present or known to be present View Records
Honduras 2006 Reported present or known to be present View Records
Hong Kong 2014 Reported present or known to be present View Records
Italy 2008 Reported present or known to be present View Records
Japan 2016 Reported present or known to be present View Records
Korea, Republic of 2013 Suspected but not confirmed View Records
Mexico 2008 Reported present or known to be present View Records
Morocco 2013 Suspected but not confirmed View Records
Netherlands 2017 Reported present or known to be present View Records
New Zealand 2013 Occurrence limited to certain zones View Records
Panama 2016 Reported present or known to be present View Records
Peru 2016 Reported present or known to be present View Records
Poland 2021 Reported present or known to be present View Records
Portugal 2017 Reported present or known to be present View Records
Puerto Rico 2008 Reported present or known to be present View Records
Russian Federation 2014 Reported present in specific zones View Records
Serbia 2017 Reported present or known to be present View Records
Singapore 2013 Suspected but not confirmed View Records
South Africa 2010 Suspected but not confirmed View Records
Spain 2023 Reported present or known to be present View Records
Sweden 2010 Serological evidence and/or isolation of causative agent, no clinical disease View Records
Switzerland 2012 Suspected but not confirmed View Records
Tanzania 2012 Pathogen detected, no clinical disease. View Records
Thailand 2017 Reported present or known to be present View Records
Trinidad and Tobago 2008 Reported present or known to be present View Records
Uganda 2007 Reported present or known to be present View Records
United Kingdom 2012 Pathogen detected, no clinical disease. View Records
United States of America 2021 Reported present or known to be present View Records
Uruguay 2018 Reported present or known to be present View Records
Venezuela 2008 First detection in region View Records

Species affected

Species Disease occurence Abstract
Bufo spp. Experimental demonstration Host-pathogen relationships between the chytrid fungus Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis and tadpoles of five South American anuran species
Bufo spp. Experimental demonstration Fight Fungi with Fungi: Antifungal Properties of the *Amphibian* Mycobiome
Bufo spp. Natural occurrence Infection with Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis
Bufo spp. Unknown Climate forcing of an emerging pathogenic fungus across a montane multi-host community
Bufo spp. Unknown Impact of asynchronous emergence of two lethal pathogens on amphibian assemblages
Caecilian spp. Natural occurrence Infection with Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis
Cryptobranchus alleganiensis alleganiensis Natural occurrence Prevalence of infection by Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis and ranavirus in Eastern hellbenders (Cryptobranchus alleganiensis alleganiensis) in Eastern Tennessee.
Cryptobranchus alleganiensis alleganiensis Natural occurrence GEOGRAPHIC AND INDIVIDUAL DETERMINANTS OF IMPORTANT AMPHIBIAN PATHOGENS IN HELLBENDERS (CRYPTOBRANCHUS ALLEGANIENSIS) IN TENNESSEE AND ARKANSAS, USA
Lissotriton helveticus Natural occurrence Triple dermocystid-chytrid fungus-ranavirus co-infection in a Lissotriton helveticus
Litoria caerulea Natural occurrence Distribution of Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis and pathology in the skin of green tree frogs Litoria caerulea with severe chytridiomycosis.
Osteopilus septentrionalis Natural occurrence WIDESPREAD RANAVIRUS AND PERKINSEA INFECTIONS IN CUBAN TREEFROGS (OSTEOPILUS SEPTENTRIONALIS) INVADING NEW ORLEANS, USA
Rana catesbeiana Experimental demonstration Mortality of American bullfrog tadpoles Lithobates catesbeianus infected by Gyrodactylus jennyae and experimentally exposed to Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis.
Rana catesbeiana Unknown The emerging amphibian pathogen Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis globally infects introduced populations of the North American bullfrog, Rana catesbeiana.
Rana mucosa Unknown The precarious persistence of the Endangered Sierra Madre yellow-legged frog Rana muscosa in southern California, USA.
Rana pipiens Unknown Prevalence of the pathogenic chytrid fungus, Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis, in an endangered population of northern leopard frogs, Rana pipiens.
Rana spp. Experimental demonstration Host-pathogen relationships between the chytrid fungus Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis and tadpoles of five South American anuran species
Rana spp. Experimental demonstration Fight Fungi with Fungi: Antifungal Properties of the *Amphibian* Mycobiome
Rana spp. Experimental demonstration Independent origin of chytrid fungus in China
Rana spp. Natural occurrence Infection with Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis
Rana spp. Natural occurrence Dramatic declines of Montane frogs in a central African biodiversity hotspot
Rana spp. Natural occurrence Emerging Chytrid Fungal Pathogen, Batrachochytrium Dendrobatidis, in Zoo Amphibians in Thailand
Rana spp. Natural occurrence Pathogen Dynamics in an Invasive Frog Compared to Native Species
Rana spp. Natural occurrence Survey of Ranavirus and Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis in Introduced Frogs in Hawaii, USA
Rana spp. Natural occurrence State-wide survey of amphibian pathogens in green frog (lithobates clamitans melanota) reveals high chytrid infection intensities in constructed wetlands
Rana spp. Natural occurrence Three Pathogens Impact Terrestrial Frogs from a High-Elevation Tropical Hotspot
Rana spp. Natural occurrence Three Pathogens Impact Terrestrial Frogs from a High-Elevation Tropical Hotspot
Rana spp. Natural occurrence One hundred years of infection with three global pathogens in frog populations of Florida, USA
Rana spp. Natural occurrence Three Pathogens Impact Terrestrial Frogs from a High-Elevation Tropical Hotspot
Rana spp. Natural occurrence Emerging infectious diseases of amphibians in Poland: distribution and environmental drivers
Rana spp. Natural occurrence Infectious disease threats to amphibians in Greece: new localities positive for Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis
Rana spp. Natural occurrence First report of chytridiomycosis in the Southern Yungas Andean forest: a threat to the endangered La Banderita marsupial frog Gastrotheca gracilis
Rana spp. Natural occurrence Introduced Mediterranean painted frogs (Discoglossus pictus) are possible supershedders of the fungus Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis in Catalonia (NE Spain)
Rana spp. Natural occurrence Continent-wide recent emergence of a global pathogen in African amphibians
Rana spp. Natural occurrence Fungal pathogen infection intensity associated with reproductive mode and elevation in an afrotropical anuran community
Salamander spp. Natural occurrence Infection with Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis
Salamander spp. Natural occurrence Prevalence of Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis in a Nicaraguan, micro-endemic Neotropical salamander, Bolitoglossa mombachoensis
Unknown species Unknown Detection of the Amphibian Pathogens Chytrid Fungus (Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis) and Ranavirus in West Texas, USA, Using Environmental DNA
Various Experimental demonstration Interspecific variation in susceptibility of frog tadpoles to the pathogenic fungus Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis.
Various Experimental demonstration Optimizing, validating, and field testing a multiplex qPCR for the detection of amphibian pathogens
Various Natural occurrence Concurrent Infection of Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis and Ranavirus among Native Amphibians from Northeastern Oklahoma, USA
Various Natural occurrence Emerging infectious diseases of amphibians in Poland: distribution and environmental drivers
Various Natural occurrence Chytrid fungus in amphibians from the lowland Brazilian Amazon
Xenopus laevis Unknown Presence of Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis in feral populations of Xenopus laevis in Chile.