Publication Abstract

Abiotic Factors

B.R. Howell and S.M. Baynes

Theabiotic environment is of critical importance in determining the performanceof cultured fish. Marine watersare mainly characterised by their temperature and salinity, and thesefactors will largely determine the range of species that can be grown. Light also has a considerable impact on performance, but israther more readily manipulated than either temperature or salinity. Fish growth and survival is also affected by a range of otherwater-quality factors, many of which are influenced directly or indirectlyby the metabolic activity of the fish themselves. In intensive culture systems, for example, growth may be particularlyimpaired by sub-optimal oxygen and ammonia levels. Less direct adverse effects may arise from exposure to hydrogensulphide or algae blooms, both of which may be a consequence of highenvironmental organic loadings arising from the activities of the fish farm.This chapter reviews the impacts of the major environmental factorsaffecting the performance of fish, and concludes with a review of thefactors to be considered in site selection.

Reference:

B.R. Howell and S.M. Baynes (2004) Abiotic Factors. Culture of Cold-Water Marine Fish. Eds: Mokness, E., Kjorsvik, E., Olsen, Y. 7 - 27pp